1. Ambari (Howdah on an elephant) 2. Ankaram (courtyard) 3. Antholam (palanquin) 4. Ammoolam (tax gathering) 5. Arpu (cheers) 6. Aala vattam (Peacock feather fan) 7. Aana savari (Elephant riding) 8. Uchippoovu (Head Turban) 9. Kacha (Robes) 10. Kacha puram (Over coat) 11. Kankanam (Bangles) 12. Kaal thala (Anklet Rings) 13. Kaal chilambu (Anklets Bells) 14. Kurava (Tongue Cheers) 15. Kuthirasavari (horse ride) 16. Kuzhal (Bugles) 17. Kodi (Flag) 18. Kaikara (Hand Ornaments) 19. Kaithala (Bangles) 20. Cheli (a kind of tax) 21. Chemkombu (another tax) 22. Chenda (Drum) 23. Thamburu (String Instruments) 24. Thazha kkuda (Royal Palm Umbrella) 25. Ner vaal (Straight Sword) 26. Pattu chatta (Silk Coat) 27. Patturumal (Silk Handkerchief) 28. Pattumundu (Silk dothi) 29. Pakal vilakku (Day Lamp) 30. Padi pura (Entry Gate House) 31. Pathakkam (Necklace) 32. Panni pudava (Embroidary Robes) 33. Paravathani (Carpet) 34. Pavaada (Royal Cloth) 35. Pallakku (Palanquin) 36. Pavada (Royal Cloth) 37. Panchavadyam (Five Instrument Orchestra) 38. Pandal Vithanam (Pandal Decoration) 39. Pathinezhu Parichamel Kathruthwam (Control over the 17 Low castes) 40. Maddalam (Hand Drum) 41. Manarkolam (Platforms) 42. Mudi (Crown) 43. Mudikuzhabharanam (Head ornaments) 44. Mammoolam (Tax) 45. Methi adi (Wooden Chappels) 46. Raja vaadyam (Royal Orchestra) 47. Raja Sankham (Irippu) (Honour to sit in court with the King) 48. Rajabogham (Honor to eat with King) 49. Veena (String Instrument) 50. Deevetti (Indigenous Torch) 51. Thookku manchal (Swinging Cot) 52. Thondon 53. Thoranam (Decoration) 54. Thol vala (Armpit Bangle) 55. Theendalkattal (untouchability) 56. Nada (Cheers) 57. Nayattuhubhogam (Privilege for hunting) 58. Naikudiparisha 59. Nedizakuda (Royal Umbrella) 60. Nettipetti (Cloth Box) 61. Nettikettu (Head Dress) 62. Veera vaadyam (Heroic Bugles) 63. Veera madalam 64. Veera srimkhala (Royal Chain) 65. Viri panthal (Honour to errect Pandal) 66. Venchamaram (Royal Fan) 67. Sankhu (conch) 68. Sangu Edam Piri (Conch with left screw) 69. Sankhu Valampiri (conch with right screw) 70. Bhoomi Karamozhivu (land tax evation) 71. Nayattu (Hunting) 72. Paalamarangal (Forest concession)
Profile of Late Padma Bhushan Dr. Jacob Cherian ## Early Life and Background Dr. Jacob Cherian was born on July 14, 1923, at Kottara, Kerala, as the son of Rev. K.M. Jacob, popularly known as Kottara Achen, who holds a Guinness World Record for the longest service as a pastor of the Marthoma Church. ## Education After graduating from the University of Kerala, Dr. Cherian studied medicine at Miraj Medical School, Maharashtra, and then at R.G. Kar Medical College, Calcutta, earning his MBBS in 1956. In 1961, he was awarded FRCS from the Royal College of Surgeons, Glasgow. ## Medical Mission and Community Health Service Dr. Cherian chose to serve rural populations in need, starting a small health center in Oddanchatram, Tamil Nadu, with his wife and Dr. A.K. Tharian in a drought-affected village. In 1965, he moved to the remote village of Ambilikkai in Dindigul District, establishing the Christian Fellowship Community Health Centre Society. The centre se...
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